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Characterization of Brown Dwarfs and Long-Period Giant Planets Observed by Radial Velocity with the Aid of Gaia Astrometry
Flavien Kiefer  1@  , Anne-Marie Lagrange  1@  , Florian Destriez  2  , Pascal Rubini  3  , Guillaume HÉbrard  4@  , Vincent Bourrier  5@  , Isabelle Boisse  6@  , Amaury Triaud  7@  , Thierry Forveille  8@  
1 : Laboratoire d'Instrumentation et de Recherche en Astrophysique
Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CY Cergy Paris Université
2 : Laboratoire d'Instrumentation et de Recherche en Astrophysique
Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CY Cergy Paris Université
3 : Pixyl
Pixyl, Research and Development Laboratory, Grenoble, France
4 : Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris  (IAP)
Université Pierre et Marie Curie [UPMC] - Paris VI, INSU, CNRS : UMR7095, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) - Paris VI
98bis, bd Arago - 75014 Paris France -  France
5 : Observatoire de Geneve
6 : Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille  (LAM)
INSU, CNRS : UMR7326, Aix Marseille Université
Pôle de l'Étoile Site de Château-Gombert 38, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 13388 Marseille cedex 13 -  France
7 : University of Birmingham [Birmingham]
8 : Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble  (IPAG)
OSUG, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble I, INSU, CNRS : UMR5274
414, Rue de la Piscine BP 53 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 -  France

The search for substellar companions using radial velocities faces two main challenges: the indeterminacy of orbital inclination and the partial coverage of long-period orbits >10 years. The Gaia telescope, with 3 years of astrometric data published in 2021, and, by the end of 2026, the release of 6 years of data, provides solutions to both issues. I will show how it is already possible to use DR3 data to constrain the inclination of orbits with known periods, and to identify long-period companions, either stellar or substellar using Gaia astrometry. I wish to present a tool called GaiaPMEX, introduced in 2 recent papers (Kiefer et al. 2024 a, b). It characterizes the mass and semi-major axis of any possible companion around any source observed with Gaia. One of my goals is to exploit the billions of Gaia sources to find new samples of exoplanet candidates. With GaiaPMEX, I thus identified a sample of 9,698 planet candidate hosts. I will conclude by discussing the prospects opened by the upcoming release of Gaia's full astrometric dataset expected by the end of 2026, and the arrival of all those new exoplanetary targets at the disposal of future follow-up projects.


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